If the bearing surface is inside of the applied force locations, then the maximum bearing force that surface experiences is simply the preload force. In the table above, d o.min is the minimum outer diameter of the two parts bearing against one another, d h is the through-hole diameter of the part being considered, and S by is the bearing yield strength of the part being considered.ДЇ bear is the bearing force, and the value for the bearing force on a surface depends on the location of that surface with respect to the location of the applied tensile force in the joint. The relevant equations for analyzing bearing are: The preload force will act to cause each part to bear on the adjacent parts. The allowable stress is the bearing yield strength of the part. Stresses and factors of safety are calculated per the equations above. The table below summarizes the pin bearing results. In the table above, d nom is the bolt nominal diameter, t p is the part thickness, F s.app is the applied shear force, and S by is the bearing yield strength of the material. This is referred to as pin bearing, and the relevant equations are: If the joint is loaded in shear, then the bolt may be pressed against the inner walls of the through-holes in the clamped parts. The allowable stress is the shear yield strength of the part in the first column. The part listed in the 'Pull Thru Part' column is acting to pull through the part listed in the first column. The table below summarizes the pull through results.

In the table above, d o is the outer diameter of the part pulling through, t p is the thickness of the part being considered, F t.app is the applied tensile force, and S sy is the shear yield strength of the material for the part being considered. The relevant equations for analyzing pull through are: The tensile force applied to the joint will act to pull the parts through one another. There are several principal failure mechanisms for the clamped parts which are described below. The nominal and minimum values in the table correspond to the nominal preload and the minimum preload, respectively.ДЇailure of the clamped parts must be investigated when analyzing a bolted joint. A summary of the separation force values and their corresponding factors of safety is given in the table below. The separation force is the force that will result in separation of the joint. The joint constant for this joint was calculated in the Joint Properties tab as: The once the stiffnesses are known, the joint constant is calculated as: The value of the joint constant is determined by calculating the stiffness of the bolt, k bolt, and the stiffness of the clamped parts in the grip, k grip. After separation, all applied load is taken by the bolt and so the bolt load line has a slope of 1. The bolt load line in this region has a constant slope equal to the joint constant. Before joint separation, only a portion of the applied load is carried by the bolt, and the other portion acts to relieve compression in the clamped parts.

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